Psychosocial Factors in HIV Prevention: Construction and Validation of a Scale for Adolescents
Keywords:
HIV, Prevention, Adolescents, Psychometric scale, AttitudesAbstract
Attitudes play a crucial role in HIV prevention, especially in vulnerable populations such as adolescents. Objective, To develop and evaluate the content validity and factor structure of a scale intended to measure the level of attitudes towards sexual HIV prevention in secondary school students. Methods, A psychometric and cross-sectional study was carried out. The development of the scale was based on the identification of risk and protection factors, allowing the generation of an initial version, whose content validity was evaluated in terms of clarity, pertinence, sufficiency and relevance, through the index and coefficient of content validity. Through a pilot test applied to a sample of 299 students, the discriminant capacity of the items, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and fit indices were analyzed. Reliability was determined using Cronbach's alpha. Results, The content evaluation yielded a content validity ratio of 0.87 and a content validity index of 0.88. The EFA allowed obtaining a shorter and more efficient final version, composed of 21 items grouped into 4 factors, with a reliability of 0.76. Likewise, satisfactory fit indicators were obtained: RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.036, TLI = 0.906 and CFI = 0.941. Conclusions: The developed scale is valid and reliable. Its final version is concise, easy to apply and appropriate for use in community diagnoses.
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